Formulas start with = and can combine cell references, ranges, literal values, operators, and functions.
| Function | What it does |
|---|
SUM(value1, value2, ...) | Adds numbers and ranges. |
AVERAGE(value1, value2, ...) | Returns the average of numbers and ranges. |
MIN(value1, value2, ...) | Returns the smallest value. |
MAX(value1, value2, ...) | Returns the largest value. |
COUNT(value1, value2, ...) | Counts numeric values. |
COUNTA(value1, value2, ...) | Counts non-empty values. |
SUMIF(range, criterion, sum_range) | Sums values matching a criterion. |
COUNTIF(range, criterion) | Counts values matching a criterion. |
AVERAGEIF(range, criterion, average_range) | Averages values matching a criterion. |
ABS(number) | Returns the absolute value. |
ROUND(number, digits) | Rounds to the nearest value. |
ROUNDUP(number, digits) | Rounds away from zero. |
ROUNDDOWN(number, digits) | Rounds toward zero. |
INT(number) | Rounds down to an integer. |
MOD(dividend, divisor) | Returns the remainder. |
MEDIAN(value1, value2, ...) | Returns the middle value. |
| Function | What it does |
|---|
IF(condition, when_true, when_false) | Chooses a value based on a condition. |
IFERROR(value, fallback) | Uses a fallback when a value returns an error. |
AND(value1, value2, ...) | Returns true when all values are true. |
OR(value1, value2, ...) | Returns true when any value is true. |
NOT(value) | Reverses a logical value. |
| Function | What it does |
|---|
CONCAT(text1, text2, ...) | Joins text values. |
CONCATENATE(text1, text2, ...) | Joins text values. |
LEN(text) | Counts characters in text. |
LOWER(text) | Converts text to lowercase. |
UPPER(text) | Converts text to uppercase. |
TRIM(text) | Collapses surrounding and repeated spaces. |
LEFT(text, count) | Takes characters from the left. |
RIGHT(text, count) | Takes characters from the right. |
SUBSTITUTE(text, search, replacement, instance) | Replaces matching text. |
TEXTJOIN(delimiter, ignore_empty, value1, ...) | Joins text with a delimiter. |
SPLIT(text, delimiter) | Splits text into an array. |
MID(text, start, count) | Returns characters from the middle of text. |
FIND(search, text, start) | Finds case-sensitive text. |
SEARCH(search, text, start) | Finds text without case sensitivity. |
VALUE(text) | Converts text to a number. |
| Function | What it does |
|---|
XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, if_not_found) | Looks up an exact match and returns the matching value. |
UNIQUE(values) | Returns unique values. |
SORT(values, direction) | Sorts values ascending or descending. |
FILTER(values, include, if_empty) | Filters values using a boolean include range. |
| Function | What it does |
|---|
TODAY() | Returns today’s local date. |
NOW() | Returns the current local date and time. |
DATE(year, month, day) | Builds a date value. |
YEAR(date) | Returns the year from a date. |
MONTH(date) | Returns the month from a date. |
DAY(date) | Returns the day from a date. |
DAYS(end_date, start_date) | Counts days between two dates. |
HOUR(date_time) | Returns the hour from a date-time. |
MINUTE(date_time) | Returns the minute from a date-time. |
SECOND(date_time) | Returns the second from a date-time. |